Linux Shell Shorthand command

Some of these are specific to the bash shell. which are common to all shells.



   1. /   -   root directory

   2. ./   -   current directory

   3. ./command_name   -   run a command in the current directory when current directory is not on the path

   4. ../   -   parent directory

   5. ~   -   home directory

   6. $   -   typical prompt when logged in as ordinary user

   7. #   -   typical prompt when logged in as root or superuser

   8. !   -   repeat specified command

   9. !!   -   repeat previous command

  10. ^^   -   repeat previous command with substitution

  11. -  run a program in background mode

  12. [Tab][Tab]   -   prints a list of all available commands. This is just an example of autocomplete 

                       with no restriction on the first letter.

  13. x[Tab][Tab]   -   prints a list of all available completions for a command, where the beginning is "x"

  14. [Alt][Ctrl][F1]   -   switch to the first virtual text console

  15. [Alt][Ctrl][Fn]   -   switch to the nth virtual text console. Typically, there are six on a Linux PC system.

  16. [Alt][Ctrl][F7]   -   switch to the first GUI console, if there is one running. If the graphical console

  17. freezes, one can switch to a nongraphical console, kill the process that is giving problems, and switch 

      back to the graphical console using this shortcut.

  18. [ArrowUp]   -   scroll through the command history (in bash)

  19. [Shift][PageUp]   -   scroll terminal output up. This also works at the login prompt, so you can scroll 

                            through your boot messages.

  20. [Shift][PageDown]   -   scroll terminal output down

  21. [Ctrl][Alt][+]   -   switch to next X server resolution (if the server is set up for more than one resolution)

  22. [Ctrl][Alt][-]   -   change to previous X server resolution

  23. [Ctrl][Alt][BkSpc]   -   kill the current X server. Used when normal exit is not possible.

  24. [Ctrl][Alt][Del]   -   shut down the system and reboot

  25. [Ctrl]c   -   kill the current process

  26. [Ctrl]d   -   logout from the current terminal

  27. [Ctrl]s   -   stop transfer to current terminal

  28. [Ctrl]q   -   resume transfer to current terminal. This should be tried if the terminal stops responding.

  29. [Ctrl]z   -   send current process to the background

  30. reset   -   restore a terminal to its default settings

  31. [Leftmousebutton]   -   Hold down left mouse button and drag to highlight text. Releasing the button copies 

                              the region to the text buffer under X and (if gpm is installed) in console mode.

  32. [Middlemousebutton]   -   Copies text from the text buffer and inserts it at the cursor location. 

                                With a two-button mouse, click on both buttons simultaneously. It is necessary for 

                                three-button emulation to be enabled, either under gpm or in XF86Config.