Rammed earth

Rammed earth is an ancient building technique in which moist earth is compacted to the point that it forms a material similar to sedimentary rock (rock composed of sand, silt, clay, gravel, mud, and other material). Forms (wooden boards that define a specific area) are used to shape rammed earth into bricks or entire walls.

Rammed earth was used in structures dating back to 7000 B.C. It comprises portions of the 2,000-year-old Great Wall of China, as well as temples in Mali and in Morocco. Romans and Phoenicians (residents of the ancient kingdom of Phoenicia on the Mediterranean Sea) introduced the technique to the Europeans. It became a popular building technique in France, where it was known as pise de terre. In the United States it was used in the construction of elaborate Victorian homes, as well as in low-cost housing.